Fig. 9

Physiological analysis and Biochemical assays of the oxidant and antioxidant in VIGS plants under drought and salt stress conditions. A (i) Quantitative determination of relative leaf water content (RLWC), (ii) excised leaf water loss (ELWL), and (iii) Quantitative determination of ion leakage as a measure of cell membrane stability (CMS). B Biochemical analysis (i) Quantitative determination of peroxidase (POD), (ii) Quantitative determination of catalase (CAT), and (iii) quantitative determination of Malondialdehyde (MDA). The bar indicates a standard error (SE). Different letters indicate the significant differences between the wild type and the VIGS-plants (ANOVA; P < 0.05)