Table 1 The ANOVA analysis for the effects of year, replicate, row spacing, plant density, topping method, on yield components, fiber quality parameters, growth traits, and water use efficiency (WUE) in 2020-2021

Year (Y)

1

142^**

14.0^*

51.3^**

1.77

0.77

46.8^**

81.7^**

83.3^**

114^**

6.32^*

Replicate(Y)

4

2.04

0.26

0.73

3.10^*

5.93^**

1.10

1.53

0.36

0.22

3.04^*

Row spacing (RS)

1

12.0^**

9.20^**

0.77

0.00

0.63

15.8^*

0.01

0.15

39.8^**

2.20

Plant density (PD)

3

0.76

10.2^**

1.65

0.46

0.03

1.05

8.44^**

9.04^**

109^**

0.18

Topping (TOP)

1

1.83

4.31^*

8.45^**

7.73^**

1.57

0.00

37.5^**

5.81^*

1.27

6.50^*

RS×PD

3

0.01

0.20

0.49

0.31

4.69^*

7.09^*

1.10

1.42

9.00^**

68.6^**

RS×TOP

1

0.05

5.28^*

0.85

0.46

0.30

1.05

1.57

0.89

0.00

0.78

TOP×PD

3

0.49

0.52

2.02

0.36

1.25

0.61

0.48

0.15

0.00

5.17^*

RS×TOP×PD

3

1.23

0.92

0.00

0.10

0.13

1.41

0.25

1.24

1.51

4.64^*

RS×Y

1

6.40^*

12.6^**

12.2^**

0.63

8.37^**

5.46^*

5.51^*

0.09

1.01

PD×Y

3

2.29

11.0^**

0.01

0.06

3.20

0.29

5.09^*

0.32

6.01^*

TOP×Y

1

2.29

3.80

0.15

0.13

0.11

0.29

0.00

1.69

0.06

0.56